Replication of “The Presidency, Regionalism and Distributive Politics in South Korea” (Yusaku Horiuchi, Seungjoo Lee), Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 6, pp. 861-882, June 2008.  

* Description: Although whether there is political influence on distributive policies is now indisputable, important debates have emerged about how politics distorts distributive policy outcomes. In this article, the authors improve the understanding of distributive politics by focusing on South Korea. They argue that because of Korea-specific institutional and cultural settings, an incumbent president allocates disproportionately larger amounts of pork-barrel benefits not only to his own turf but also to his rival's, while distributing smaller amounts to regions where votes are more evenly divided between the camps. This uneven distribution results from his aspiration to achieve dual objectives: to secure his “graceful retirement” and to achieve uninterrupted operation of government during his term. Using municipality-level data, the authors show that this U -shaped relationship between vote and money is statistically significant for both the Kim Young Sam (1993 to 1997) and Kim Dae Jung administrations (1998 to 2002).

* Files included in this package

- ReadMe.txt (this file)
- cps2008_merge.do (Stata do file, Step 1)
- cps2008_analysis.do (Stata do file, Step 2)
- cps2008_CensusData.dta (Stata data file, 1)- cps2008_FinancialData.dta (Stata data file, 2)- cps2008_PresidentialElectionData.dta (Stata data file, 3)
- cps2008.dta (Stata data file - generated after running cps2008_merge.do)
- cps2008.csv (CSV file -  - generated after running cps2008_merge.do)* Program: Stata Version 13.1

* Additional programs required: 

Michael Tomz, Jason Wittenberg, and Gary King.  2003.  CLARIFY: 
   Software for Interpreting and Presenting Statistical Results.  
   Version 2.1.  Stanford University, University of Wisconsin, 
   and Harvard University.  January 5.  Available at 
   https://gking.harvard.edu/

Please install Clarify <https://gking.harvard.edu/clarify> with the following commands:

. net from https://gking.harvard.edu/clarify/
. net install clarify

* Process of Replication:
	(1) Place all files in the same folder
	(2) Run cps2008_merge.do. It generates replication data files (Stata and CSV)
        (3) Run cps2008_analysis.do

* Most Recent Data of Successful Replication: February 16, 2015

* Data Description (See the paper for details; check the do file on how to generate variables used in this paper)

Contains data from cps2008.dta
  obs:         2,160                          
 vars:            21                          11 Feb 2015 01:33
 size:       144,720                          
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              storage   display    value
variable name   type    format     label      variable label
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
year1           int     %9.0g                 Year - Financial Year
year2           int     %9.0g                 Year - Census Year
year3           int     %9.0g                 Year - Presidential Election Year
group           byte    %9.0g                 Grouping Based on Presidential Election
muncode_n       int     %8.0g      muncode_n
                                              Municipality Code - Unified (numeric)
muncode_s       str6    %9s                   Municipality Code - Unified (string)
citydo          str2    %9s                   City/Do Code (string)
Seoul           byte    %9.0g                 A Dummy for Seoul
cities          byte    %9.0g                 A Dummy for Metropolitan Cities
totalpopulation float   %9.0g                 Total Population (in raw #)
totaltransfer   float   %9.0g                 Total Transfer per capita (in log)
fiscalindex     float   %9.0g                 Fiscal Independency Index
winnervotepct   float   %9.0g                 Winner's Vote Share (%)
runnerupvotepct float   %9.0g                 Runner-Up's Vote Share (%)
margin          float   %9.0g                 Margin of Votes between Two Candidates (%pt)
voterturnout    float   %9.0g                 Voter Turnout (%)
agriculture     float   %9.0g                 Agriculture Workers per capita (in log)
manufacturing   float   %9.0g                 Manufacture Workers per capita (in log)
populationden~y float   %9.0g                 Population Density (in log)
agedpopulation  float   %9.0g                 Aged (65+) Population Ratio (in log)
youngpopulation float   %9.0g                 Young (5-14+) Population Ratio (in log)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by:  
